CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25

Students can check here CBSE Physics syllabus 2024-25 for class 12. The students preparing for the class 12^th CBSE board exam in science stream should check the syllabus carefully. Apart from the board exam, the syllabus of CBSE class 12th Physics 2024 is also crucial for various national and state-level entrance exams like JEE Main, NEET, etc. The syllabus includes the units and topics of physics subject that a student should cover during an academic year.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024-25

PHYSICS (THEORY)

Unit I: Electrostatics 26 Periods

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields

Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law–force between two–
point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and
continuous charge distribution.

Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric
dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field.
Electric flux, statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field
due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and
uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge,
a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential
energy of a system of two–point charges and of electric dipole in an
electrostatic field.

Conductors and insulators, free charges and bound charges inside a
conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance,
combination of capacitors in series and in parallel, capacitance of a parallel
plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy
stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only).

Unit II: Current Electricity 18 Periods

Chapter–3: Current Electricity

Electric current, flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity,
mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, V–I characteristics
(linear and non–linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and
conductivity, temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a
cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, combination of cells in series and
in parallel, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge.

Unit III: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism 25 Periods

Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

Concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment.

Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop.
Ampere’s law and its applications to infinitely long straight wire. Straight
solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform
magnetic and electric fields.

Force on a current–carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, force
between two parallel current–carrying conductors–definition of ampere, torque
experienced by a current loop in uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a
magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometer–
its current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter

Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment
only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its
axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a
magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative
treatment only), magnetic field lines.

Magnetic properties of materials– Para–, dia– and ferro – magnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, effect of temperature on magnetic properties.

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Unit IV: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents 24 Periods

Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz’s
Law, Self and mutual induction.

Chapter–7: Alternating Current

Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage;
reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance,
power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current. AC generator, Transformer.

Unit V: Electromagnetic waves 04 Periods

Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves

Basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only). Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X–rays, gamma rays) including elementary facts about their uses.

Unit VI: Optics 30 Periods

Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction
of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical
surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification,
power of a lens, combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light
through a prism.

Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and
refracting) and their magnifying powers.

Chapter–10: Wave Optics

Wave optics: Wave front and Huygen’s principle, reflection and refraction of
plane wave at a plane surface using wave fronts. Proof of laws of reflection
and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double slit
experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression
only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to
a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only).

Unit VII: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 08 Periods

Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s
observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation–particle nature of light.
Experimental study of photoelectric effect Matter waves–wave nature of particles, de–Broglie relation.

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Unit VIII: Atoms and Nuclei 15 Periods

Chapter–12: Atoms

Alpha–particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model
of hydrogen atom, Expression for radius of nth possible orbit, velocity and
energy of electron in his orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment
only).

Chapter–13: Nuclei

Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force Mass–energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.

Unit IX: Electronic Devices 10 Periods

Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple
Circuits

Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors and insulators (qualitative
ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors– p and n type, p–n junction
Semiconductor diode – I–V characteristics in forward and reverse bias,
application of junction diode –diode as a rectifier.

Practicals (Total Periods is 60)

The record to be submitted by the students at the time of their annual examination has to include:

• Record of at least 8 Experiments [with 4 from each section], to be performed by the students.
• Record of at least 6 Activities [with 3 each from section A and section B], to be
  performed by the students.
• The Report of the project carried out by the students.

Prescribed Books:

1. Physics, Class XI, Part –I and II, Published by NCERT.

2. Physics, Class XII, Part –I and II, Published by NCERT.

3. Laboratory Manual of Physics for class XII Published by NCERT.

4. The list of other related books and manuals brought out by NCERT
(consider multimedia also).

Check CBSE Physics New Syllabus for Class 12th 2024-25: Download

Also Check

CBSE Class 12th Syllabus (All Subjects)

CBSE Syllabus All Classes